MS-DOS
Microsoft DOS (Disk Operating System) is a command line user
interface.
interface.
While MS-DOS is not commonly used by itself today, it still can be accessed
from every version of Microsoft Windows by clicking Start / Run and typing
“command“ or by typing “CMD“ in
Windows NT, Windows 2000 or Windows XP.
VARIOUS
COMMANDS IN DOS MODE:
AT
Schedules commands and programs to run on a computer.
ATTRIB
Displays or changes file attributes.
Change or view the attributes of one
or more files. It defaults to displaying the attributes of all files in the
current directory.
or more files. It defaults to displaying the attributes of all files in the
current directory.
Options:
- To add an attribute attach a ‘+’ in
front of it. - To remove an attribute attach a ‘-‘
in front of it
BREAK
Sets or clears extended CTRL+C checking.
CALL
Calls one batch program from another.
CD
Displays the name of or changes the current directory.
CHDIR
Displays the name of or changes the current directory.
cd directory (cd .. descends a directory.)
CHKDSK
Checks a disk and displays a status report.
Verifies a hard disk or a floppy disk
for file system integrity.
for file system integrity.
Options:
- /F : Fixes errors on the disk
- /V : Displays the full path and name
of every file on the disk
chkdsk drive [[path]filename] [/F] [/V]CHKNTFS
Displays or modifies the checking of disk at boot time.
CLS
Clears the screen.
CMD
Starts a new instance of the Windows command interpreter.
COLOR
Sets the default console foreground and background colors.
COMP
Compares the contents of two files or sets of files.
COMPACT
Displays or alters the compression of files on NTFS
partitions.
partitions.
CONVERT
Converts FAT volumes to NTFS. You cannot convert the
current drive.
COPY
Copies one or more files to
another location. The
destination defaults to the current directory. If multiple source files are
indicated, the destination must be a directory, or an error will result.
another location. The
destination defaults to the current directory. If multiple source files are
indicated, the destination must be a directory, or an error will result.
copy filespec [destination]DATE
Displays or sets the date.
DEL
Deletes one or more files.
del filename
erase filename DELTREEDeletes a directory along with all of the files and
subdirectories that it contains. Normally, it will ask for confirmation of such
a drastic action.
subdirectories that it contains. Normally, it will ask for confirmation of such
a drastic action.
deltree [/y] directoryThe /y
parameter if present tells the
confirmation.
parameter if present tells the
deltree command to carry out without first prompting forconfirmation.
The
Windows operating systems. Deleting a non-empty directory in those versions
of Windows where the command is not included, can be achieved by the use of the
deltree command is not included in recent MicrosoftWindows operating systems. Deleting a non-empty directory in those versions
of Windows where the command is not included, can be achieved by the use of the
rmdirDIR
Displays a list of files and subdirectories in a directory.
Options
:
:
- /w : Wide list format
- /p : Pause at every page
- /s : Also look in subdirectories
- /a[xx] : Display files with the
specified attributes only - /o[xx] : Modifies sort order
- /b : Uses bare format (no heading
information or summary)
dir [options] [filespec]DISKCOMP
Compares the contents of two floppy disks.
DISKCOPY
Copies the contents of one floppy disk to another.
DOSKEY
Edits command lines, recalls Windows commands, and creates
macros.
macros.
ECHO
Displays messages, or turns command echoing on or off.
ERASE
Deletes one or more files.
EXIT
Quits the CMD.EXE program (command interpreter).
FDISK
Manipulates hard disk partition tables. The name derives
from IBM’s habit of calling hard drives fixed disks. When run from the
command line, it displays a menu of various partitioning operations:
from IBM’s habit of calling hard drives fixed disks. When run from the
command line, it displays a menu of various partitioning operations:
1. Create DOS partition or Logical DOS Drive 2. Set active partition 3. Delete partition or Logical DOS Drive 4. Display partition information 5. Change current fixed disk driveFIND
Searches for a text string in a file or files.
FIND [/V] [/C] [/N] [/I] "string" [[drive:][path]filename[ ...]] /V Displays all lines NOT containing the specified string. /C Displays only the count of lines containing the string. /N Displays line numbers with the displayed lines. /I Ignores the case of characters when searching for the string. "string" Specifies the text string to find. [drive:][path]filename Specifies a file or files to search. If a pathname is not specified, FIND searches the text typed at the promptor piped from another command.FORMAT
Formats a disk for use with Windows.
Delete all the files on the disk and reformat it for
MS-DOS
MS-DOS
In
most cases, this should only be used on floppy drives or other removable media.
This command can potentially erase everything on a computer’s hard disk.
most cases, this should only be used on floppy drives or other removable media.
This command can potentially erase everything on a computer’s hard disk.
Eg.
FORMAT
C: will format the C drive
C: will format the C drive
GOTO
Directs the Windows command interpreter to a labeled line in
a
a
batch
program.
program.
HELP
Provides Help information for Windows commands.
LABEL
Creates, changes, or deletes the volume label of a disk.
MD
Creates a directory. The parent of the directory
specified must already exist.
specified must already exist.
md directoryTable of Contents
MEM
Displays
memory usage.
MKDIR
Creates a directory. The parent of the directory
specified must already exist.
specified must already exist.
mkdir directoryMODE
Configures a system device.
MORE
Displays output one screen at a time.
MOVE
Moves one or more files from one directory to another
directory.
directory.
MSD
Provides detailed technical information about the
computer’s hardware and software.
computer’s hardware and software.
PATH
Displays or sets a search path for executable files.
PRINT
Prints a text file.
PROMPT
Changes the Windows command prompt.
RD
Removes a directory.
RECOVER
Recovers readable information from a bad or defective disk.
REM
Records comments (remarks) in batch files or CONFIG.SYS.
RENAME
Renames a file or files.
REPLACE
Replaces files.
RMDIR
Removes a directory.
SCANDISK
Scandisk is a
replacement for the
ability to run a surface scan which finds and marks bad clusters on the disk.
replacement for the
chkdsk utility. Its primary advantages over chkdsk is that it is more reliable and has theability to run a surface scan which finds and marks bad clusters on the disk.
START
Starts a separate window to run a specified program or
command.
command.
TIME
Displays or sets the system time.
TREE
Graphically displays the directory structure of a drive or
path.
path.
TYPE
Displays the contents of a text file.
UNDEL
Restores file previously deleted with del. By default all recoverable
files in the working directory are restored. The options are used to change
this behaviour. If the MS-DOS mirror TSR program is used, then deletion
tracking files are created and can be used by undelete.
files in the working directory are restored. The options are used to change
this behaviour. If the MS-DOS mirror TSR program is used, then deletion
tracking files are created and can be used by undelete.
VER
Displays the Windows version.
VOL
Displays a disk volume label and serial number.
XCOPY
Copies files and directory trees.
