Table of Contents
BIOS
BIOS are intelligent software that enable to the system to start. Bios control and troubleshooting the system without loading OS
BIOS is the part of software and it can be install in hardware chip that is known as ROM chip
Combination of both that is software and hardware is known as Firmware.
BIOS H/W TYPES
1 Masked ROM/True ROM
2 PROM
3 EPROM
4 EEPROM/Flash ROM
Type BIOS H/W (According to Chip package)
Dip (Dual inline Package)
PLCC (Plastic leaded Chip Carrier)
QUIP (Quad inline Package)
Function of BIOS
1. POST
(Power On Self Test)
When user switched on the system BIOS display first screen on Monitor shows integrated component status that is they are OK or not. All these information’s are display on screen known as POST
In simple word BIOS display the system components status on screen when user switched on the PC
2. BASIC DRIVER Loader
Bios provide the basic driver for system for e.g., Keyboard, FDD, HDD, Monitor etc.
3. CONFIGURING THE H/W Items
With the help of BIOS S/W user can configure H/W items for e.g. Boot Sequence , Date , Time , Password etc
4. BOOT The PC
In last BIOS search the Bootable Media in System, if it find than find the Bootable files in that media after finding the files BIOS boot the PC. Now takes their all function to the OS
CMOS Memory
CMOS stands for Complimentary Metal Oxide Semiconductor and it’s the type of SRAM and it can store the data in the form of Non-Volatile so some time it is known as NVRAM (Non Volatile Random Access Memory) CMOS memory integrated in South Bridge on Motherboard.
BIOS load the setting from CMOS memory
CMOS Memory receives the power from CMOS battery and it is located on Motherboard. The battery must be replaced when it become week otherwise the setting of CMOS is not proper. When CMOS battery become week than BIOS show the error message on POST i.e. CMOS Checksum Error
Note that user can also clear the CMOS Password or load the default by removing the CMOS battery from the motherboard or Set the CMOS jumper on Clear. All these function are to be performed when System is Switched OFF.
CMOS Setting
Standard CMOS Setting
Date : Set the system date
Time : Set the system time
Pri Master/Slave: Configures the connected devices to the primary IDE channels
Sec Master Slave : Configure the connected devices as the secondary IDE channel
Floppy Drives A/B: Sets the size and capacity of the floppy drive installed in the system
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